The checks and balances you’re describing do exist, unfortunately Congress is (and has been for quite some time now) dysfunctional. A simple majority in both chambers and the President’s signature is enough to undo many SCOTUS rulings by passing a new law. They can also pass amendments to the constitution, which used to happen with some regularity, but we haven’t passed one since Clinton was in office.
If you want Congress to act as a check on the court, then you need Congress to be functional.