Lithium batteries are old news and this market is going to crash. China is already selling two EVs using sodium ion batteries. It’s only a matter of time before such technology can be used at smaller scales.
China is already selling two EVs using sodium ion batteries.
Sodium ion batteries won’t be a general drop-in substitute in vehicles for lithium.
It might be possible to use sodium-ion batteries in place of some not-energy-density critical lithium-ion applications (the way lead-acid is currently used for some lithium-ion applications), and that’d free up some materials for EV use.
However, sodium and lithium atoms have differences, two of which are relevant for battery performance. The first difference is in the so-called redox potential, which characterizes the tendency for an atom or molecule to gain or lose electrons in a chemical reaction. The redox potential of sodium is 2.71 V, about 10% lower than that of lithium, which means sodium-ion batteries supply less energy—for each ion that arrives in the cathode—than lithium-ion batteries. The second difference is that the mass of sodium is 3 times that of lithium.
Together these differences result in an energy density for sodium-ion batteries that is at least 30% lower than that of lithium-ion batteries [1]. When considering electric vehicle applications, this lower energy density means that a person can’t drive as far with a sodium-ion battery as with a similarly sized lithium-ion battery. In terms of this driving range, “sodium can’t beat lithium,” Tarascon says.
In time, sodium-ion batteries will improve, but their driving range will never surpass the top-of-the-line lithium-ion batteries, Tarascon says. He imagines instead that sodium-ion technology will fill specific niches, such as batteries for smaller, single-person electric vehicles or for vehicles that have a range of only 30–50 miles (50–80 km). Weil agrees, but he says that society may have to change the way it views automobiles. “We cannot only point to the technology developers and say, ‘We need more efficiency.’ It’s even more important to stress that we need more ‘sufficiency,’ which is people being satisfied with a small car,” he says.
These types of figures are still important to know. You want to see if certain populations are being affected disproportionately and have a baseline to work from when seeing how policy changes are working.
If you make a policy change and see recovery overall but you’re still getting 52% of Latinos reporting insecurity, you’ve done something wrong and you have data to back it up.
Cute of you to assume policy is trying to improve anything here when policy is clearly to drive people into bad economic situation, data speaks for itself.
Sure we can measure by demographics but the real issue is that ruling class is enabled by the state to fuck everybody for profit
And if you overthrew the ruling class, you’d still want to know how the new system was affecting various demographics. All systems have biases and the only way to account for them is to know about them.
To be fair, it’s no joke to be a minority in either Russia or China either, so they are pretty poor countries to use for that comparison, as they actually are worse in most regards.
People have hard time understanding basic concept that just because we are getting fucked here that doesn't mean we would not be getting fucked in China or Russia...
Considering the relationship between heat and aggression, plus the impacts on the ecosystems of the world, climate change is probably a factor in this. Which suggests this might just be the peak…“so far”.
Refined sugar is generally not good, and certainly whole food sources of carbs are much more beneficial than simple sugars - however, sugar is not nearly as much of a demon as popular health influencers make it out to be. Importantly, it also needs to be kept in mind that the “standard american diet” (sad) or standard western diet is one that’s high in animal products, fat (particularly saturated fat), refined carbs; while being low in whole fruits, vegetables, and fiber and phytonutrients in general.
Walter Kempers rice diet is worth learning about. It was a terrible diet - patients could basically only eat white rice, sugar, and fruit. But despite being an absurdly high sugar and high carb diet, a lot of patients saw dramatic improvements in their health, particularly when it came to things like obesity and type 2 diabetes reversal.
Lol. The funny thing is they are kind of technically right. All refined sugars have some harmful effects like blood sugar spikes and inflammation, but corn syrup only has a slightly higher ratio of fructose to glucose as table sugar does. In small, irregular doses it’s fine to consume. And for athletes it can even be beneficial since refined carbs can replenish glycogen stores rapidly.
Heads up for other confused readers, that subheading…
“According to new research, skipping breakfast or excessive screen time are risk factors for developing obesity…”
Is egregiously cut out of context, I am guessing by the publishing site. In context, that quote is meant to hilight the wide variety of risk factors for obesity, not to suggest that those are the most common or significant.
I wish there was a way to reach out to correct this error but I couldn’t find one.
Interesting that we’ve made progress on world hunger to the extent that 1 in 5 kids is now overfed, I swear when i grew up we were told child hunger was ubiquitous in the majority of the world’s population
Obesity affects ∼20% of U.S. youth, with severe obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥120th of the 95th percentile and/or ≥35 kg/m2) at record high prevalence.
Oops this source only counted obesity and not overweight as the original post does. It’s actually ~33%; you were correct.
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